Orthodontics is an area of dentistry which deals specifically with the diagnosis, treatment, and correction of maladjusted teeth and jaw alignments, and other misalignment related problems. It may also specialize in modifying overall facial development, called dentofacial orthodontics. Other types of orthodontics include corrective surgical orthodontics, which are used to realign bones not affected by deformities resulting from accidents, burns, or disease, and lingual orthodontics, which are done by removing teeth which cause difficulties for people to talk. To become an orthodontist, you will need to enter a dental school and obtain a Bachelor of Dental Surgery (DDS) degree. After graduation, you will need to pass the American Association of Orthodontics (AAO) certification exam. Then, you will need to pass the state Board of Certification exam. Once licensed, you will need to complete either a two-year or four-year orthodontic residency program. Many dental schools now offer these programs. To start an orthodontics practice, you will need to get either a local or state dental council license after graduating from dental school. You will need to apply to the state dental council to obtain your license. In most states, this application can be done online. After you have been approved for licensing, you will begin work as an orthodontist. You will need to complete either a one or two year residency program in orthodontics, depending on where you live. The primary goal of orthodontics is to straighten, arch, or reshape the teeth of patients who are experiencing orthodontic problems. These include misalignment, excessive bite pressure, overbite, crossbite, overbite over the gum line, gum disease, TMJ, or temporo-facial pain. Orthodontists perform surgeries, extractions, and root planing. Most orthodontists also provide in-office treatment, including appliances, dentures, bridges, appliances, orthodontic shoes, crowns, and orthodontic headgear. Most people are familiar with orthodontics due to their use of clear braces to straighten, align, or reform the teeth. However, orthodontics can also include the use of appliances such as bite guards or occlusal insoles to correct malocclusions. Malocclusions are any teeth or bite deformities that do not meet the normal mouth anatomy. Malocclusions can result from an imbalance of the forces between the upper and lower jaw, prolonged growth or tooth loss, or a bite that does not fit the teeth. The most common appliance used by orthodontists is the orthodontic headgear, which has two main types: soft and hard. Soft retainers are placed on top of the jaw so as to hold the lower teeth in place while they grow in. Hard retainers, which are made from ceramic or silicon, are used when the patient needs extra support for the arch of the jaw or other malocclusions. A third type of appliance is used for misalignment, posturing, or overbite problems and includes both soft and hard retainers. Find out more details in relation to this topic here: https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dental_braces.
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